TikTok还没完，微信也遭殃了
当地时间6日，特朗普（Trump）签署两项行政命令（executive orders），宣布将在45天后禁止任何美国个人及企业与TikTok母公司字节跳动（ByteDance）进行任何交易，禁止美国个人及企业与腾讯公司（Tencent）进行与微信（Wechat）有关的任何交易。
对此，腾讯公司发言人周五表示，腾讯正在评估该行政命令，以获得充分了解。
无注释原文：
Trump Targets WeChat and TikTok, in Sharp Escalation With China
The New York Times
The Trump administration announced sweeping restrictions on two popular Chinese social media networks, TikTok and WeChat.
The twin executive orders, released late Thursday night and taking effect in 45 days, cited national security concerns to bar any transactions with WeChat or TikTok by any person or involving any property subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. The order essentially sets a 45-day deadline for an acquisition of TikTok, which is in talks to be acquired by Microsoft.
Mr. Trump’s advisers have zeroed in on technology companies, which they say are beholden to the Chinese government through security laws. Many companies that do business across the Pacific have been left paralyzed or begun to reconsider their partnerships, unsure of whether these tensions will spill into a new Cold War. The restrictions announced Thursday would also represent a further balkanization of the global internet, as nations continue to cut off foreign technology companies from one another’s markets.
In the announcement, Mr. Trump accused WeChat, made by Tencent, and TikTok, made by ByteDance, of providing a channel to obtain Americans’ proprietary information, keep tabs on Chinese citizens abroad and carry out disinformation campaigns to benefit China’s interest.
“The spread in the United States of mobile applications developed and owned by companies in the People’s Republic of China (China) continues to threaten the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States,” the president wrote.
Much remains unclear about the scope of the ban, including precisely which transactions would be severed. But it appears to have even more severe consequences for WeChat than for TikTok, which could be rescued through its talks with an American suitor.
WeChat is used widely around the world, particularly by people of Chinese descent, to communicate with friends and loved ones, read news and carry out business transactions, and such a ban could effectively cut off much informal communication between people in China and the United States. Questions remain as to whether the order will affect businesses tied to Tencent, WeChat’s parent company, which is an investor in many popular American technology and gaming start-ups.
TikTok and Tencent did not immediately respond to requests for comment. A press officer for Microsoft declined to comment.
- ◆ -
含注释全文：
Trump Targets WeChat and TikTok, in Sharp Escalation With China
特朗普发布行政令，45天后禁止与微信和TikTok进行交易
The New York Times
纽约时报
The Trump administration announced sweeping restrictions on two popular Chinese social media networks, TikTok and WeChat.
特朗普政府宣布，对两个广受欢迎的中国社交媒体网络——TikTok和微信实施全面限制。
escalation
escalate的名词形式，escalate表示“使…加剧；加剧”，英文解释为“If a bad situation escalates or if someone or something escalates it, it becomes greater in size, seriousness, or intensity.”举个🌰：
They fear the dispute could escalate.
他们害怕争端会加剧。
The threat of nuclear escalation remains.
核升级的威胁依然存在。
🎬电影《阿甘正传》（Forrest Gump）中的台词提到：regarding the need for further escalation of the war in Vietnam. 关于扩大越南战争的必要性。
sweeping
作形容词，表示“影响广泛的；大范围的；根本性的；意义深远的”，英文解释为“[ usually before noun ] having an important effect on a large part of sth”如：sweeping changes 彻底变化，举个🌰：
They were given sweeping powers to search homes.
他们授予入户搜查的极大权力。
🎬电影《沉默》（Silence）中的台词提到：He wrote those words during the most sweeping persecution of all. 他写下这些话时 正经历着最为残酷的迫害。
📍sweep作动词，可以表示“风行，风靡，迅速蔓延，迅速传播；席卷；横扫”，英文解释为“to quickly spread through and influence an area”举个🌰：
A flu epidemic is sweeping through Moscow.
一场流感正在莫斯科迅速传播。
📺电视剧《王冠》（The Crown）中的台词提到：Independence is sweeping across the continent. ~席卷这片大陆。
📺动画片《辛普森一家》（The Simpsons）中的台词提到：A plague is sweeping through Springfield. 一场瘟疫正席卷斯普林菲尔德。
The twin executive orders, released late Thursday night and taking effect in 45 days, cited national security concerns to bar any transactions with WeChat or TikTok by any person or involving any property subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. The order essentially sets a 45-day deadline for an acquisition of TikTok, which is in talks to be acquired by Microsoft.
这两项行政命令于周四深夜发布，将在45天内生效，它以国家安全为由，禁止任何人或涉及任何受美国管辖的财产与微信或TikTok进行任何交易。该命令实际上为收购TikTok设定了45天的最后期限，TikTok正在与微软进行谈判。
take effect
1）表示“开始起作用；见效”，英文解释为“to start to produce the results that are intended”举个🌰：
The aspirins soon take effect.
阿司匹林药片很快见效。
2）表示“生效；开始实施”，英文解释为“to come into use; to begin to apply”举个🌰：
The new law takes effect from tomorrow.
新法令明日起生效。
📺美剧《24小时》（24 Hours）第八季中的台词提到：Morphine will take effect in just a few moments.吗啡很快就会起作用了。
bar
1）表示“挡（路）”，英文解释为“If you bar someone's way, you prevent them from going somewhere or entering a place, by blocking their path.”举个🌰：
She moved to bar his way.
她过去挡住了他的路。
2）表示“禁止，阻止”，英文解释为“If someone is barred from a place or from doing something, they are officially forbidden to go there or to do it.”举个🌰：
The players are barred from drinking alcohol the night before a match.
运动员在参赛前夜不得喝酒。
🎬电影《逆转王牌》（Runner Runner）中的台词提到：He said I'd be barred from re-entering the country.他说我下次回国时会被禁止入境。
subject to
1）表示“受…支配；服从于”，英文解释为“under the authority of sth/sb”举个🌰：
All nuclear installations are subject to international safeguards.
一切核设施均须执行国际防护措施。
2）表示“取决于；视…而定”，英文解释为“depending on sth in order to be completed or agreed”举个🌰：
The article is ready to publish, subject to your approval.
那篇文章准备好了，可以发表，就等你批准了。
3）表示“可能受…影响的；易遭受…的”，英文解释为“likely to be affected by sth, especially sth bad”举个🌰：
Flights are subject to delay because of the fog.
由于有雾，航班可能延误。
🎬电影《鹰眼》（Eagle Eye）中的台词提到：Unattended luggage is subject to collection and search by the airport police. 无人看管的行李会被机场警方托收并检查。
jurisdiction /ˌdʒʊərɪsˈdɪkʃən/
1）表示“司法权；管辖权”，英文解释为“Jurisdiction is the power that a court of law or an official has to carry out legal judgments or to enforce laws.”举个🌰：
The British police have no jurisdiction over foreign bank accounts.
英国警方对外国银行的账户没有司法管辖权。
2）表示“管辖范围”，英文解释为“A jurisdiction is a state or other area in which a particular court and system of laws has authority.”如：in most other European jurisdictions, 欧洲大部分其他司法辖区。
🎬电影《X战警：逆转未来》（X-Men: Days of Future Past）中的台词提到：I don't believe you have jurisdiction in this matter.我想这事不在你的管辖范围内。
Mr. Trump's advisers have zeroed in on technology companies, which they say are beholden to the Chinese government through security laws. Many companies that do business across the Pacific have been left paralyzed or begun to reconsider their partnerships, unsure of whether these tensions will spill into a new Cold War. The restrictions announced Thursday would also represent a further balkanization of the global internet, as nations continue to cut off foreign technology companies from one another's markets.
特朗普的顾问们把矛头对准了科技公司，他们表示，在安全法下，这些公司受制于中国政府。许多在太平洋两岸开展业务的公司要么陷入瘫痪，要么开始重新考虑它们的合作伙伴关系，因为它们不确定这些紧张关系是否会演变成一场新的冷战。周四宣布的这些限制也意味着，随着各个国家继续将外国科技公司隔绝在各自市场之外，全球互联网将进一步走向分裂割据。
zero in on
表示“集中全部注意力于”，英文解释为“to fix all your attention on the person or thing mentioned”举个🌰：
They zeroed in on the key issues.
他们集中讨论了关键问题。
📺动画片《马男波杰克》（BoJack Horseman）第一季中的台词提到：And once you zero in on his Achilles' heel, we will take... him... down. 一旦你瞄准了他的弱点 我们就会打败他。
📍从此Achilles' heel，阿喀琉斯之踵，原指阿喀琉斯的脚后跟，因是其身体唯一一处没有浸泡到冥河水的地方，成为他唯一的弱点。阿喀琉斯后来在特洛伊战争中被毒箭射中脚踝而丧命。现引申为致命的弱点，要害。（百度百科）
beholden
表示“欠...人情的；负有义务的；（因受恩惠而心存）感激，感谢”，英文解释为“If you are beholden to someone, you are in debt to them in some way or you feel that you have a duty to them because they have helped you.”举个🌰：
We feel really beholden to them for what they've done.
我们真的很感激他们所做的一切。
🎬电影《政坛混战》（The Campaign）中的台词提到：I am not beholden to Cam Brady's accusations. 我没义务接受卡姆·布雷迪的谴责。
paralyze /ˈpærəlaɪz/
1）表示“使瘫痪；使麻痹”，英文解释为“to make sb unable to feel or move all or part of their body”举个🌰：
The accident left him paralyzed from the waist down.
那场事故使他腰部以下都瘫痪了。
2）表示“使不能正常工作”，英文解释为“to prevent sth from functioning normally”举个🌰：
The airport is still paralyzed by the strike.
飞机场仍因罢工而陷于瘫痪。
balkanization
balkanization /ˌbɔːlkənaɪˈzeɪʃən/表示“割据；巴尔干化”，英文解释为“If you disapprove of the division of a country into separate independent states, you can refer to the Balkanization of the country. ”举个🌰：
We can't accept the fragmentation or balkanization of the country.
我们无法接受这个国家的割据分裂。
📍巴尔干化是一个常带有贬义的地缘政治学术语，可以被定义为：一个较大的国家或地区分裂成较小的国家或地区的过程，这些国家或地区关系紧张甚至处于敌对状态。
In the announcement, Mr. Trump accused WeChat, made by Tencent, and TikTok, made by ByteDance, of providing a channel to obtain Americans' proprietary information, keep tabs on Chinese citizens abroad and carry out disinformation campaigns to benefit China's interest.
在声明中，特朗普指责腾讯旗下的微信和字节跳动旗下的TikTok提供了获取美国人专有信息、掌握海外中国公民情况的渠道，并为中国的利益展开虚假信息宣传活动。
proprietary
proprietary /prəˈpraɪɪtərɪ/ 表示“专卖的；专营的；专利的”，英文解释为“made and sold by a particular company and protected by a registered trademark”如：a proprietary medicine专卖药品。
keep tabs on
表示“密切监视”，英文解释为“If someone keeps tabs on you, they make sure that they always know where you are and what you are doing, often in order to control you.”举个🌰：
It was obvious he had come over to keep tabs on Tom.
显然，他是来严密监视汤姆的。
📺美剧《行尸走肉》（The Walking Dead）中的台词提到：You asked me to keep tabs on her. 你让我监视她。
补充：
📍pick up the tab表示“（代表一群人）付帐；承担全部费用”，英文解释为“If you pick up the tab, you pay a bill on behalf of a group of people or provide the money that is needed for something.”举个🌰：
He picked up the tab for dinner that night.
他为那天的晚宴付了帐。
📍“付账，买单”pay the bill，也可以说foot the bill；foot作名词大家都知道，也可作动词，表示“付账”，尤指不情愿地为昂贵的东西付钱，英文解释为“to pay for something, especially something expensive that you do not want to pay for”，举个🌰：
He ordered drinks and then left me to foot the bill!
他要了酒水，然后让我来买单！
📍口语上，我买单我请客，通常也说My treat. / It's my treat! / It's on me!等等；然而，不请客，想AA怎么说？share the bill / split the bill / go Dutch 等等。
disinformation
昨天在谷歌撤下2500多个中国相关YouTube频道刚出现的disinformation，表示“虚假信息，假消息”，英文解释为“false information that is given deliberately, especially by government organizations”。
补充：
📍Misinformation is wrong information which is given to someone, often in a deliberate attempt to make them believe something that is not true.（常指故意提供的）虚假消息
disinformation & misinformation, 大家能弄清楚两者的区别吗？
“The spread in the United States of mobile applications developed and owned by companies in the People’s Republic of China (China) continues to threaten the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States,” the president wrote.
“由中国公司开发和拥有的移动应用程序在美国的传播，持续威胁美国的国家安全、外交政策和经济，”总统写道。
Much remains unclear about the scope of the ban, including precisely which transactions would be severed. But it appears to have even more severe consequences for WeChat than for TikTok, which could be rescued through its talks with an American suitor.
禁令的范围仍有很多不清楚之处，包括哪些交易将被切断。但这对微信的影响似乎比TikTok更为严重，后者可以通过与美国求购者的谈判脱身。
sever /ˈsevər/
1）表示“切断；切掉”，英文解释为“To sever something means to cut completely through it or to cut it completely off.”举个🌰：
He severed his right foot in a motorcycle accident.
他在一次摩托车事故中轧断了右脚。
2）表示“断绝 (关系、联系)”，英文解释为“If you sever a relationship or connection that you have with someone, you end it suddenly and completely.”举个🌰：
The company has severed its ties with its previous partners.
公司断绝了与前合作伙伴之间的关系。
🎬电影《三个火枪手》（The Three Musketeers）中的台词提到：It's quite easy for an employer to sever all ties with his operative, 主子想彻底除掉密探绝对轻而易举。
suitor
1）表示“（女性的）求婚者”，英文解释为“A woman's suitor is a man who wants to marry her.”举个🌰：
My mother had a suitor who adored her.
我的母亲曾有一位爱慕她的求婚者。
2）表示“求购公司”，英文解释为“A suitor is a company or organization that wants to buy another company.”举个🌰：
The company was making little progress in trying to find a suitor.
该公司在寻找一家求购公司方面进展甚微。
WeChat is used widely around the world, particularly by people of Chinese descent, to communicate with friends and loved ones, read news and carry out business transactions, and such a ban could effectively cut off much informal communication between people in China and the United States. Questions remain as to whether the order will affect businesses tied to Tencent, WeChat’s parent company, which is an investor in many popular American technology and gaming start-ups.
微信在世界范围内被广泛使用，尤其是被华人用来与亲友交流，看新闻，或进行商业交易。这样的禁令可能将实际上切断中美两国民众之间的许多非正式交流。但这项命令是否会影响与腾讯有关的业务尚不清楚，腾讯是微信的母公司，是许多备受欢迎的美国科技和游戏初创公司的投资者。
descent
表示“血缘关系，家族关系；祖先；出身”，英文解释为“You use descent to talk about a person's family background, for example, their nationality or social status.”举个🌰：
All the contributors were of African descent.
所有捐助者都是非洲血统。
start-ups
表示“刚成立的公司，新企业（尤指互联网公司）”，英文解释为“a company that is just beginning to operate, especially an Internet company”。
TikTok and Tencent did not immediately respond to requests for comment. A press officer for Microsoft declined to comment.
TikTok和腾讯没有立即回应置评请求。微软的新闻发言人拒绝置评。
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